Berberis
Description:
Description as for family.
Distribution:
Species +/-500, mostly Eurasia, North Africa, trop. African mountains and the Americas; sthn trop. Afr. 1: Berberis holstii Engl., Zambia, Malawi.
Source:
SSTA
genus descriptions: SSTAs
Dolichandrone
Description:Unarmed shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite, imparipinnate, deciduous. Flowers borne in terminal panicles, racemes or racemose panicles, fragrant, opening during night. Calyx spathaceously splitting along posterior side, beaked at apex. Corolla campanulate; tube narrowly cylindric, long, exceeding calyx; lobes 5, subequal, wavy at margin. Stamens 4, didynamous; anthers included, introrse, glabrous; staminode present, very small. Disc annular, thick. Ovary oblong, cylindric, 2-locular; ovules many, pluriseriate. Capsule narrowly linear in outline, terete or compressed parallel to false septum, straight or curved, bivalved, loculicidally dehiscent. Seeds flat, winged, 1-several on each side of wing.Distribution:Species +/-8, tropical Asia, Australia, Africa; sthn trop. Afr. 1: Dolichandrone alba (Sim) Sprague, known only from S Mozambique.Source:SSTAFernandoa
Description:Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite, imparipinnate, frequently absent at flowering time. Flowers large, in short, few-flowered racemes or solitary, borne praecociously and in axils of fallen leaves. Calyx campanulate, irregularly 3-5-lobed, opening just before corolla anthesis. Corolla large, showy, brownish red to orange-red or yellow, broadly cup-shaped; tube short, narrowing abruptly into calyx; limb slightly bilabiate. Stamens 4, slightly exserted; staminode 1; thecae divaricate. Disc cupular. Ovary cylindric, narrow, bilocular; ovules pluriseriate in each locule. Capsule subcylindric, dehiscing at right angles to the thin flat septum. Seeds many, compressed, with hyaline wings.Distribution:Species 8, 3 from Madagascar, 5 from African mainland; sthn trop. Afr. 3, Angola, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique.Source:SSTAStereospermum
Description:Glabrous or pubescent trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, imparipinnate. Inflorescence terminal, many-flowered, large panicles. Calyx campanulate or tubular, irregularly 2-5-lobed. Corolla slightly irregular, pink; tube infundibuliform; lobes patent. Stamens 4, didynamous, arising in corolla tube, included; anther thecae divergent; staminode 1, +/-developed. Disc entire or 5-lobed. Ovary bilocular, linear-oblong, 4-angled. Ovules many, 2-seriate. Capsule linear-cylindric. Seeds many, winged, rectangular in outline, arranged alternately along both sides of septum.Distribution:Species 15, Old World tropics; sthn trop. Afr. 2, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique.Source:SSTAVahadenia
Description:Lianas up to 30 m high climbing in trees; white latex present in all parts; branches with many lenticels. Leaves opposite, petiolate, entirely glabrous, obovate to elliptic. Inflorescences lax cymes, axillary or terminal, few- to many-flowered. Flowers 5-merous, white, reddish at base, sweet-scented. Calyx green, ciliate, otherwise glabrous, with many colleters in several rows at base. Corolla glabrous except for a tuft of hairs inside at base of lobes; tube almost cylindric, 1.5-4.1 times as long as sepals; lobes as long as to longer than tube, narrowly obovate, with 1 longitudinal groove outside. Stamens arising +/-in middle of corolla tube; filaments glabrous, white; anthers narrowly ovate to cordate. Ovary cylindric, abruptly narrowing into style, pubescent in upper half, style glabrous, style head conical from a thickened base, minutely 2-lobed at level of anthers. Fruit syncarpous, globose, pear-shaped or obovoid; pulp orange. Seeds 10-40, ellipsoid, laterally compressed; testa thin; endosperm thick, white; cotyledons ellipsoid, undulate; embryo very small.Distribution:Species 2, trop. Africa; sthn trop. Afr. 1: Vahadenia laurentii (De Wild.) Stapf, Angola.Source:SSTAPolyscias
Description:Trees, often tall and with noticeably regular branching. Leaves petiolate, pinnately compound, glabrous to densely tomentose with stellate or simple hairs; leaflets simple, +/-entire. Inflorescence paniculate, regularly compound, racemosely branched with ultimate divisions of racemules or umbellules. Calyx forming a shallow cup, subentire or shallowly 5-toothed. Petals 5. Stamens 5. Ovary 2-locular; styles 2 (or 5), divergent for nearly their entire length; stylopodium not well-developed. Fruit terete or slightly compressed. Seeds rounded or laterally compressed, ellipsoid, smooth or sometimes ribbed; endosperm not ruminate.Distribution:Sthn trop Afr. 2, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique.Source:SSTAPararistolochia
Description:Climbing woody shrubs; stems mostly little-branched, older stems bilobed in transverse section. Leaves +/-undulate or 3-lobed, mostly deeply cordate at base, glabrous, long-petiolate; pseudostipules absent. Flowers mostly borne on old wood in clusters of (1)2 or 3; without foliaceous prophyll; with odour of carrion. Perianth obliquely tubular, base inflated-globose, pouched; throat of tube with downwardly projecting ivory-white or violet hairs; lobes 3, equal, triangular-lanceolate, horizontally spreading. Gynostemium : lobes and anthers 9. Ovary 6-locular; ovules many. Fruit woody, cucumber-like, indehiscent, strongly 6-ribbed, straight or curved. Seeds +/-100 per locule, triangular, flattened, arranged in line in each locule.Distribution:Species +/-18, Old World tropics, 9 in trop. Africa; sthn trop. Afr. 1: Pararistolochia triactina (Hook.f.) Hutch. & Dalziel, Angola.Source:SSTAAcmella
Description:Annual herbs. Leaves opposite and/or basally rosulate. Capitula usually radiate, sometimes disciform or discoid, solitary or cymose. Involucral bracts in 1-3 rows, subequal or with outer row spreading and longer, entire or irregularly dentate. Receptacle narrowly conical, acuminate to obtuse at the apex, paleae laxly enclosing florets. Ray florets female, fertile, 3-22 per capitulum, usually small, 2- to 3-lobed, variously coloured. Disc florets bisexual, fertile, 4- to 5-lobed, small, variously coloured. Cypselas ciliate, glabrous or sometimes with glabrous margins; ray cypselas broadly ovate or elliptic, 3-angled; disc cypselas elliptic, strongly compressed. Pappus 0.Distribution:Species 30, tropical, some pantropical weeds; sthn trop. Afr. 1: Acmella caulirhiza Delile, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique. According to Lisowski (1991) also in sthn Afr.Source:SSTAAdelostigma
Description:Erect annual herbs with resin canals. Leaves alternate, linear, entire or denticulate. Capitula disciform, solitary, terminal. Florets : outer florets female, filiform; central florets functionally male, tubular with 5 dark purple longitudinal lines commencing between lobes. Anthers very shortly tailed. Style almost undivided. Cypselas ellipsoid, sparsely hairy with straight hairs. Pappus of free, barbellate bristles in 1 series, each bristle with adpressed teeth.Distribution:Species 2, trop. Africa; sthn trop. Afr. 1: Adelostigma athrixioides Steetz, Mozambique.Source:SSTAAgeratinastrum
Description:Perennial herbs with annual stems from a woody rootstock; vegetative indumentum of short-stalked flagelliform hairs. Stems many, densely leafy, with short internodes, branching above. Leaves alternate or spirally arranged, opposite or whorled, sessile to shortly petiolate, felted-tomentose, sparsely pilose or glabrescent, glandular-punctate. Capitula homogamous, many, in lax or +/-dense clusters at ends of branches, or capitulum-clusters arranged in a large corymbiform cyme. Involucre campanulate to subglobose, florets exserted; phyllaries several-seriate, progressively larger to inside. Receptacle flat, shallowly alveolate. Corollas purple or mauve, darker in upper half, regularly 5-lobed, lobes lanate or pilose-hispid. Anthers with a broad hyaline apical appendage and short acute tails at base. Style : arms subulate, hairy outside. Cypselas obovoid-oblong or turbinate, 4- or 5-sided and obscurely ribbed on the angles, truncate at apex, smooth or strongly rugose on faces between ribs, glabrous or sparsely setulose, minutely brown gland-dotted. Pappus persistent, of +/-united broad shiny scales lacerate on upper margin, or of scales sometimes free and alternating with paleaceous setae. Pollen described as triporate, lophate and emicropunctate.Distribution:Species 2, east central trop. Africa; sthn trop. Afr. 2, Zambia, Malawi.Source:SSTA