Source:
SSA
Description:
Perennial, tufted, rhizomatous. Leaf blade linear, expanded; ligule a fringed membrane. Inflorescence an oblong panicle, open or contracted; spikelets solitary and shortly pedicelled or usually paired and unequally pedicelled with both spikelets alike or shorter-pedicelled spikelet sterile and reduced to a glume. Spikelet lanceolate, laterally compressed, disarticulating beneath upper floret; glumes very unequal: lower glume acute to mucronate, 3-nerved; upper glume as long as spikelet, acuminate, 5-nerved. Florets 2; lower floret male, rarely sterile or bisexual with lemma membranous, falcate, 3-7-nerved, obtuse, awnless, palea hyaline; upper floret bisexual, lemma similar to firmer in texture than glumes, glabrous, scabrid to scaberulous, 1-7-nerved, minutely 2-lobed at apex, rarely entire, lobes sometimes produced into short hair-like bristles, awned from between lobes, awn geniculate; callus short, hairy; palea 2-keeled. Lodicules 2, cuneate, fleshy. Stamens 3. Ovary oblong, glabrous; styles distinct or connate at base, plumose. Caryopsis oblong. x= 7, 10, 12, 14 (high polyploidy).
Distribution:
Species +/- 50, tropics and subtropics but mainly Asia; 1 in sthn Afr.: Arundinellanepalensis Trin., from northern provinces of South Africa, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Western and Eastern Cape.
Classification:
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